Central government debt, total in Spain
Spain: Central government debt, total was 105.6% in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Central government debt, total in Spain, 1970–2024
Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
In 2024, central government debt, total in Spain stood at 105.6%.
That represents a change of down 1.6% on the previous year and up 0.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, central government debt, total in Spain peaked at 2,003.9% in 1970 and was at its lowest, 31.7%, in 2007.
Spain ranks 8th of 83 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Central government debt, total in Spain, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 2,003.9% | — |
| 1971 | 1,768.7% | -11.7% |
| 1990 | 35.2% | -98.0% |
| 1991 | 35.2% | +0.1% |
| 1992 | 37.0% | +5.2% |
| 1993 | 46.7% | +26.3% |
| 1994 | 48.1% | +3.0% |
| 1995 | 57.9% | +20.3% |
| 1996 | 64.2% | +10.9% |
| 1997 | 64.0% | -0.3% |
| 1998 | 64.3% | +0.4% |
| 1999 | 59.2% | -7.9% |
| 2000 | 56.5% | -4.6% |
| 2001 | 52.0% | -7.9% |
| 2002 | 50.2% | -3.5% |
| 2003 | 45.5% | -9.3% |
| 2004 | 43.4% | -4.5% |
| 2005 | 40.2% | -7.4% |
| 2006 | 35.7% | -11.2% |
| 2007 | 31.7% | -11.2% |
| 2008 | 35.7% | +12.5% |
| 2009 | 48.2% | +35.0% |
| 2010 | 50.0% | +3.7% |
| 2011 | 57.8% | +15.7% |
| 2012 | 77.4% | +34.0% |
| 2013 | 91.9% | +18.6% |
| 2014 | 104.9% | +14.2% |
| 2015 | 104.5% | -0.4% |
| 2016 | 106.0% | +1.4% |
| 2017 | 106.6% | +0.6% |
| 2018 | 107.2% | +0.6% |
| 2019 | 111.3% | +3.8% |
| 2020 | 139.0% | +24.9% |
| 2021 | 132.5% | -4.6% |
| 2022 | 109.0% | -17.7% |
| 2023 | 107.4% | -1.5% |
| 2024 | 105.6% | -1.6% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 1,886.3% | 1,768.7% | 2,003.9% | 2 |
| 1990s | 51.2% | 35.2% | 64.3% | 10 |
| 2000s | 43.9% | 31.7% | 56.5% | 10 |
| 2010s | 91.8% | 50.0% | 111.3% | 10 |
| 2020s | 118.7% | 105.6% | 139.0% | 5 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More economy & growth data for Spain
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.77 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 1.62 Percent per annum (2029)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 5.78 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.1624 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), per capita 6,273 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), annual growth rate 10.2 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.3281 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per capita 12,675 current US$ per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), annual growth rate 5.56 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), per unit of GDP 0.2904 current LCU per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is central government debt, total in Spain?
- Central government debt, total in Spain was 105.6% in 2024, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest central government debt, total recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 2,003.9% in 1970.
- What is the lowest central government debt, total recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 31.7% in 2007.
- How does Spain rank for central government debt, total?
- Spain ranks 8th out of 83 countries with data for 2024.
- Is central government debt, total rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is up 0.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Central government debt, total (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 37 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Central government is the part of general government that includes all administrative departments of the national executive, legislative, and judicial functions, other central agencies and those non-market producers controlled by the central government, whose competence extends normally over the whole economic territory. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.