Central government debt, total in South Asia

South Asia: Central government debt, total was 46.6% in 2018. ▬ Flat

Latest (2018)
46.6%
Change on year
down 2.2%
Rank
4th
of 7 groups
All-time high
63.9%
in 2004
All-time low
46.6%
in 2018
Years of data
29
1990–2018

Central government debt, total in South Asia, 1990–2018

02040601990200420181990: 52.4 % of GDP1991: 51.9 % of GDP1992: 51.4 % of GDP1993: 53.5 % of GDP1994: 51.4 % of GDP1995: 49.4 % of GDP1996: 47.6 % of GDP1997: 51.7 % of GDP1998: 51.9 % of GDP1999: 53 % of GDP2000: 56.6 % of GDP2001: 58.2 % of GDP2002: 61.5 % of GDP2003: 61 % of GDP2004: 63.9 % of GDP2005: 63.1 % of GDP2006: 60.6 % of GDP2007: 58.3 % of GDP2008: 57.1 % of GDP2009: 56.4 % of GDP2010: 52 % of GDP2011: 52.2 % of GDP2012: 51.3 % of GDP2013: 51 % of GDP2014: 50.6 % of GDP2015: 50.8 % of GDP2016: 47.7 % of GDP2017: 47.6 % of GDP2018: 46.6 % of GDP

Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

In 2018, central government debt, total in South Asia stood at 46.6%. That is the lowest value across all 29 years on record.

That represents a change of down 2.2% on the previous year and down 18.4% over ten years.

Over the whole period, central government debt, total in South Asia peaked at 63.9% in 2004 and was at its lowest, 46.6%, in 2018.

Central government debt, total in South Asia, year by year

Annual values for Central government debt, total (% of GDP) in South Asia, 1990 to 2018.
Year % of GDP Change
1990 52.4%
1991 51.9% -1.0%
1992 51.4% -0.9%
1993 53.5% +4.0%
1994 51.4% -3.9%
1995 49.4% -3.9%
1996 47.6% -3.6%
1997 51.7% +8.7%
1998 51.9% +0.3%
1999 53.0% +2.3%
2000 56.6% +6.7%
2001 58.2% +2.9%
2002 61.5% +5.6%
2003 61.0% -0.8%
2004 63.9% +4.8%
2005 63.1% -1.3%
2006 60.6% -4.0%
2007 58.3% -3.8%
2008 57.1% -2.0%
2009 56.4% -1.3%
2010 52.0% -7.7%
2011 52.2% +0.3%
2012 51.3% -1.7%
2013 51.0% -0.5%
2014 50.6% -0.8%
2015 50.8% +0.5%
2016 47.7% -6.2%
2017 47.6% -0.1%
2018 46.6% -2.2%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 51.4% 47.6% 53.5% 10
2000s 59.7% 56.4% 63.9% 10
2010s 50.0% 46.6% 52.2% 9

Countries ranked near South Asia

  1. 1 Singapore 167.8% compare
  2. 2 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 130.7% compare
  3. 3 Barbados 125.0% compare
  4. 4 United States of America 115.8% compare
  5. 5 Bahrain 111.6% compare
  6. 6 Bhutan 111.0% compare
  7. 7 El Salvador 107.3% compare

See the full ranking of 90 places →

More economy & growth data for South Asia

All data for South Asia →

Frequently asked questions

What is central government debt, total in South Asia?
Central government debt, total in South Asia was 46.6% in 2018, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
What is the highest central government debt, total recorded in South Asia?
The highest recorded value was 63.9% in 2004.
What is the lowest central government debt, total recorded in South Asia?
The lowest recorded value was 46.6% in 2018.
How does South Asia rank for central government debt, total?
South Asia ranks 4th out of 7 groups with data for 2018.
Is central government debt, total rising or falling in South Asia?
Over the last ten years it is down 18.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is flat.
Where does this South Asia data come from?
The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Central government debt, total (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Central government debt, total in South Asia. Statizoid, drawing on Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Retrieved 12 September 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/central-government-debt-total-percent-of-gdp/south-asia/

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About this data

Indicator
Central government debt, total (% of GDP)
Unit
% of GDP
Source
Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
90 places, 1,726 data points, 1970–2024
Last refreshed

Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Central government is the part of general government that includes all administrative departments of the national executive, legislative, and judicial functions, other central agencies and those non-market producers controlled by the central government, whose competence extends normally over the whole economic territory. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.