Asset-backed pensions - main database — Investment by country
This database on asset-backed pensions is based on data collected through the OECD Global Pension Statistics exercise. Data come from various administrative sources, mainly: pension supervisory authorities, financial market authorities, ministries of finance, or national statistical offices. Data cover all...
What the numbers show
Asset-backed pensions - main database — Investment is currently reported for 75 countries. The highest value is 58.48 Percentage change in Pakistan; the lowest is -99.6 Percentage change in Zimbabwe.
The median across all reporting countries is 10.62 Percentage change, and the mean is 12.07 Percentage change.
Over the past decade 22 countries rose and 50 fell. The largest increase was in Botswana (up 723.2%), and the largest decrease in Zimbabwe (down 56,368.9%).
Asset-backed pensions - main database — Investment: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pakistan | 58.48 Percentage change | 2024 | down 13.3% | volatile |
| 2 | Ghana | 47.16 Percentage change | 2023 | down 41.8% | falling |
| 3 | Malawi | 41.02 Percentage change | 2024 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 4 | Georgia | 38.99 Percentage change | 2024 | — | falling |
| 5 | Armenia | 34.88 Percentage change | 2024 | down 78.2% | volatile |
| 6 | Mauritius | 32.54 Percentage change | 2023 | up 122.8% | volatile |
| 7 | Kenya | 30.71 Percentage change | 2024 | up 265.8% | volatile |
| 8 | Kazakhstan | 27.65 Percentage change | 2024 | up 110.6% | volatile |
| 9 | Uganda | 27.41 Percentage change | 2021 | up 3.2% | falling |
| 10 | Zambia | 25.99 Percentage change | 2024 | up 216.6% | volatile |
| 11 | India | 25.71 Percentage change | 2024 | up 28.1% | rising |
| 12 | Nigeria | 22.64 Percentage change | 2024 | up 65.8% | falling |
| 13 | North Macedonia | 20.48 Percentage change | 2024 | down 13.8% | volatile |
| 14 | Bolivia | 20.39 Percentage change | 2010 | down 48.3% | falling |
| 15 | Greece | 20.36 Percentage change | 2024 | up 81.2% | volatile |
| 16 | Albania | 20.3 Percentage change | 2024 | down 54.8% | volatile |
| 17 | Romania | 18.98 Percentage change | 2024 | down 49.2% | volatile |
| 18 | Angola | 17.76 Percentage change | 2024 | down 44.7% | volatile |
| 19 | Kosovo | 17.74 Percentage change | 2024 | down 6.9% | volatile |
| 20 | New Zealand | 17.06 Percentage change | 2024 | down 39.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Hungary | 15.76 Percentage change | 2024 | up 61.1% | volatile |
| 22 | Mozambique | 15.55 Percentage change | 2024 | up 21.7% | volatile |
| 23 | Colombia | 15.54 Percentage change | 2024 | down 16.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Serbia | 15.4 Percentage change | 2024 | down 22.2% | volatile |
| 25 | Bulgaria | 15.11 Percentage change | 2024 | down 24.4% | volatile |
| 26 | Dominican Republic | 14.75 Percentage change | 2024 | down 74.3% | volatile |
| 27 | China (People’s Republic of) | 14.11 Percentage change | 2024 | down 48.5% | volatile |
| 28 | Maldives | 13.45 Percentage change | 2024 | down 40.2% | falling |
| 29 | Mexico | 13.22 Percentage change | 2024 | up 1.8% | volatile |
| 30 | Costa Rica | 13.14 Percentage change | 2024 | down 14.3% | volatile |
| 31 | Iceland | 13.07 Percentage change | 2024 | up 54.4% | volatile |
| 32 | Canada | 12.12 Percentage change | 2024 | up 24.4% | volatile |
| 33 | Egypt | 12.07 Percentage change | 2024 | down 54.4% | falling |
| 34 | Sweden | 11.88 Percentage change | 2024 | down 24.2% | volatile |
| 35 | United States | 10.89 Percentage change | 2024 | up 106.1% | volatile |
| 36 | Chile | 10.85 Percentage change | 2024 | down 38.7% | volatile |
| 37 | Namibia | 10.78 Percentage change | 2024 | down 17.6% | volatile |
| 38 | Ireland | 10.62 Percentage change | 2024 | down 53.6% | volatile |
| 39 | Uruguay | 10.54 Percentage change | 2024 | down 43.4% | volatile |
| 40 | Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China | 10.39 Percentage change | 2024 | up 48.5% | volatile |
| 41 | Macao Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China | 10.1 Percentage change | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 42 | Malaysia | 10.07 Percentage change | 2024 | up 25.4% | falling |
| 43 | Italy | 9.93 Percentage change | 2024 | down 25.1% | falling |
| 44 | Botswana | 9.57 Percentage change | 2024 | up 723.2% | volatile |
| 45 | Liechtenstein | 9.35 Percentage change | 2024 | down 44.0% | volatile |
| 46 | Jamaica | 8.99 Percentage change | 2024 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 47 | Isle of Man | 8.74 Percentage change | 2022 | down 94.4% | volatile |
| 48 | Denmark | 8.74 Percentage change | 2024 | down 28.3% | volatile |
| 49 | Australia | 8.51 Percentage change | 2024 | down 26.6% | volatile |
| 50 | Switzerland | 8.22 Percentage change | 2024 | up 7.5% | volatile |
| 51 | Malta | 8.06 Percentage change | 2024 | down 89.2% | volatile |
| 52 | Finland | 7.87 Percentage change | 2024 | up 28.3% | volatile |
| 53 | Indonesia | 7.53 Percentage change | 2024 | down 58.4% | volatile |
| 54 | Brazil | 7.22 Percentage change | 2024 | down 34.1% | falling |
| 55 | Austria | 6.99 Percentage change | 2024 | down 40.5% | volatile |
| 56 | Singapore | 6.74 Percentage change | 2024 | down 23.8% | falling |
| 57 | Suriname | 6.66 Percentage change | 2024 | down 85.6% | volatile |
| 58 | Panama | 6.49 Percentage change | 2023 | down 60.5% | volatile |
| 59 | Thailand | 6.48 Percentage change | 2024 | down 38.3% | volatile |
| 60 | France | 5.87 Percentage change | 2024 | down 2.7% | falling |
| 61 | United Kingdom | 5.13 Percentage change | 2024 | up 93.8% | volatile |
| 62 | Spain | 5.03 Percentage change | 2024 | up 12.6% | volatile |
| 63 | South Africa | 5.03 Percentage change | 2023 | down 70.1% | volatile |
| 64 | Argentina | 4.22 Percentage change | 2007 | — | falling |
| 65 | El Salvador | 4.12 Percentage change | 2021 | down 52.5% | volatile |
| 66 | Germany | 3.23 Percentage change | 2024 | down 75.6% | volatile |
| 67 | Japan | 1.91 Percentage change | 2024 | down 87.0% | volatile |
| 68 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1.63 Percentage change | 2020 | down 80.9% | volatile |
| 69 | Luxembourg | 1.33 Percentage change | 2024 | down 97.6% | volatile |
| 70 | Czechia | 1.16 Percentage change | 2024 | down 91.7% | volatile |
| 71 | Portugal | 0.798 Percentage change | 2024 | down 65.5% | volatile |
| 72 | Israel | 0.697 Percentage change | 2024 | down 94.4% | volatile |
| 73 | Guyana | -4.05 Percentage change | 2024 | down 223.4% | volatile |
| 74 | Peru | -12.89 Percentage change | 2024 | down 205.9% | volatile |
| 75 | Zimbabwe | -99.6 Percentage change | 2024 | down 56,368.9% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Lithuania 28.47 Percentage change
- Latvia 24.05 Percentage change
- Estonia 22.1 Percentage change
- Slovak Republic 19.77 Percentage change
- Croatia 15.12 Percentage change
- Slovenia 11.52 Percentage change
- Poland 9.41 Percentage change
- Korea 9.09 Percentage change
- Netherlands 7.72 Percentage change
About this data
This database on asset-backed pensions is based on data collected through the OECD Global Pension Statistics exercise. Data come from various administrative sources, mainly: pension supervisory authorities, financial market authorities, ministries of finance, or national statistical offices. Data cover all asset-backed pension arrangements where assets are accumulated to back future benefit payments, except reserves of public (pay-as-you-go) pension arrangements. Asset-backed pension plans may be financed through different vehicles (such as pension funds, pension insurance contracts, bank or investment company managed funds), publicly or privately administered, mandatory or voluntary, occupational or personal, defined benefit (DB) or defined contribution (DC), for public or private-sector workers. Employers’ book reserves are also in the scope. This database includes various statistics and indicators on asset-backed pensions such as the amount of assets earmarked for retirement, the liabilities of pension providers, their revenues, their expenditure, the number of funds and plans, as well as plan membership. These statistics and indicators can be split by type of financing vehicle and type of plan.