Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Lower middle income
Lower middle income: Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital was 10.1% in 2021. ▲ Rising
Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Lower middle income, 1970–2021
Source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB). Measured in % of GNI.
Analysis
The most recent figure for adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Lower middle income is 10.1%, measured in 2021.
That represents a change of up 2.1% on the previous year and down 2.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Lower middle income peaked at 10.5% in 2012 and was at its lowest, 6.9%, in 1971.
Lower middle income ranks 38th of 47 groups on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 52 years of available data.
Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Lower middle income, year by year
| Year | % of GNI | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 6.9% | — |
| 1971 | 6.9% | -1.3% |
| 1972 | 6.9% | +1.0% |
| 1973 | 6.9% | -0.2% |
| 1974 | 7.1% | +2.1% |
| 1975 | 7.6% | +7.3% |
| 1976 | 7.7% | +2.0% |
| 1977 | 7.8% | +1.5% |
| 1978 | 8.2% | +4.5% |
| 1979 | 8.7% | +6.5% |
| 1980 | 8.8% | +1.2% |
| 1981 | 9.1% | +3.2% |
| 1982 | 9.5% | +4.6% |
| 1983 | 9.4% | -1.5% |
| 1984 | 9.4% | +0.1% |
| 1985 | 9.7% | +2.9% |
| 1986 | 9.7% | +0.7% |
| 1987 | 9.6% | -1.3% |
| 1988 | 9.9% | +2.7% |
| 1989 | 9.7% | -1.4% |
| 1990 | 9.6% | -1.6% |
| 1991 | 9.9% | +2.9% |
| 1992 | 10.1% | +2.3% |
| 1993 | 10.0% | -0.4% |
| 1994 | 10.0% | +0.0% |
| 1995 | 10.1% | +0.5% |
| 1996 | 9.9% | -1.5% |
| 1997 | 10.2% | +2.3% |
| 1998 | 10.2% | +0.4% |
| 1999 | 10.3% | +0.4% |
| 2000 | 10.1% | -1.5% |
| 2001 | 10.2% | +1.1% |
| 2002 | 10.2% | -0.5% |
| 2003 | 10.0% | -1.3% |
| 2004 | 10.0% | -0.0% |
| 2005 | 9.8% | -2.4% |
| 2006 | 9.7% | -1.3% |
| 2007 | 9.6% | -0.3% |
| 2008 | 9.5% | -1.2% |
| 2009 | 10.1% | +6.4% |
| 2010 | 10.3% | +1.8% |
| 2011 | 10.3% | -0.5% |
| 2012 | 10.5% | +2.2% |
| 2013 | 10.3% | -2.1% |
| 2014 | 10.3% | -0.0% |
| 2015 | 9.4% | -8.1% |
| 2016 | 9.5% | +0.2% |
| 2017 | 9.5% | +0.3% |
| 2018 | 9.5% | +0.7% |
| 2019 | 9.3% | -2.7% |
| 2020 | 9.8% | +6.0% |
| 2021 | 10.1% | +2.1% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 7.5% | 6.9% | 8.7% | 10 |
| 1980s | 9.5% | 8.8% | 9.9% | 10 |
| 1990s | 10.0% | 9.6% | 10.3% | 10 |
| 2000s | 9.9% | 9.5% | 10.2% | 10 |
| 2010s | 9.9% | 9.3% | 10.5% | 10 |
| 2020s | 9.9% | 9.8% | 10.1% | 2 |
Countries ranked near Lower middle income
More economy & growth data for Lower middle income
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$) 0.7321 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 5.7 % change on previous year (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 0.1054 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 261.65 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$) 6.47 % change on previous year (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015) 6.82 % change on previous year (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015) 1,785 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015) 0.7194 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 298.08 current US$ per person (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$) 1,817 current US$ per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Lower middle income?
- Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Lower middle income was 10.1% in 2021, according to Staff estimates, World Bank (WB).
- What is the highest adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital recorded in Lower middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 10.5% in 2012.
- What is the lowest adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital recorded in Lower middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 6.9% in 1971.
- How does Lower middle income rank for adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital?
- Lower middle income ranks 38th out of 47 groups with data for 2021.
- Is adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital rising or falling in Lower middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 2.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Lower middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Staff estimates, World Bank (WB), published as part of Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad.