What is the lowest services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre recorded in Lower middle income?

The lowest recorded value was 10,933 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 1965.

How does Lower middle income rank for services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre?

Lower middle income ranks 19th out of 43 groups with data for 2023.

Is services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre rising or falling in Lower middle income?

Over the last ten years it is up 60.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.

Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income

Name: Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income
Creator: Statizoid (derived)
License: Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page

Lower middle income: Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre was 210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2023)

210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre

Change on year

up 5.5%

Rank

19th

of 43 groups

All-time high

210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre

in 2023

All-time low

10,933 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre

in 1965

Years of data

1965–2023

Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income, 1965–2023

Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre.

Analysis

In 2023, services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income stood at 210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre. That is the highest value across all 59 years on record.

Compared with earlier readings it is up 5.5% on the previous year and up 60.5% over ten years.

Over the whole period, services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income peaked at 210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023 and was at its lowest, 10,933 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre, in 1965.

That places Lower middle income 19th out of 43 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income, year by year

Annual values for Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income, 1965 to 2023.
Year	constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	Change
1965	10,933 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	—
1966	11,442 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.6%
1967	11,785 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+3.0%
1968	12,016 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+2.0%
1969	12,515 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.2%
1970	13,185 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.4%
1971	13,466 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+2.1%
1972	13,877 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+3.1%
1973	14,507 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.5%
1974	15,168 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.6%
1975	16,302 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.5%
1976	17,128 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.1%
1977	18,160 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+6.0%
1978	19,481 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.3%
1979	20,036 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+2.8%
1980	21,178 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.7%
1981	22,372 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.6%
1982	23,676 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.8%
1983	24,819 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.8%
1984	25,854 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.2%
1985	27,360 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.8%
1986	28,895 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.6%
1987	30,226 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.6%
1988	31,907 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.6%
1989	33,517 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.0%
1990	34,991 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.4%
1991	36,451 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.2%
1992	36,500 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+0.1%
1993	38,040 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.2%
1994	39,397 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+3.6%
1995	41,601 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.6%
1996	43,902 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.5%
1997	46,599 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+6.1%
1998	49,372 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.9%
1999	52,856 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.1%
2000	54,550 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+3.2%
2001	58,651 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.5%
2002	62,189 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+6.0%
2003	65,573 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.4%
2004	71,270 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+8.7%
2005	76,877 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.9%
2006	82,503 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.3%
2007	89,069 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+8.0%
2008	95,412 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.1%
2009	102,422 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.3%
2010	109,922 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.3%
2011	115,505 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.1%
2012	122,999 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+6.5%
2013	131,025 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+6.5%
2014	140,713 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.4%
2015	149,585 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+6.3%
2016	157,581 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.3%
2017	164,934 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+4.7%
2018	174,037 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.5%
2019	183,115 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.2%
2020	173,367 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	-5.3%
2021	184,915 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+6.7%
2022	199,315 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+7.8%
2023	210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	+5.5%

Averages by decade

Decade	Average	Lowest	Highest	Years
1960s	11,738 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	10,933 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	12,515 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	5
1970s	16,131 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	13,185 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	20,036 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	10
1980s	26,980 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	21,178 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	33,517 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	10
1990s	41,971 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	34,991 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	52,856 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	10
2000s	75,851 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	54,550 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	102,422 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	10
2010s	144,942 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	109,922 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	183,115 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	10
2020s	191,986 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	173,367 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre	4

Countries ranked near Lower middle income

16 Belgium 12.40 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
17 Isle of Man 11.83 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
18 Republic of Korea 11.07 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
19 Barbados 10.98 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
20 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 9.82 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
21 Japan 9.13 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
22 Qatar 7.52 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare

See the full ranking of 236 places →

More economy & growth data for Lower middle income

Imports of goods and services 1.75 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
Gross fixed capital formation 28.9% (2025)
Gross capital formation 2.27 trillion current US$ (2025)
Gross capital formation 2.01 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
Gross capital formation 6.2% (2025)
Gross capital formation 31.1% (2025)
Imports of goods and services 1.92 trillion current US$ (2025)
GNI (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.9864 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
Trade 46.6% (2025)
External balance on goods and services -3.1% (2025)

All data for Lower middle income →

Frequently asked questions

What is services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income?: Services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income was 210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023, according to Statizoid (derived).
What is the highest services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre recorded in Lower middle income?: The highest recorded value was 210,345 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023.
What is the lowest services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre recorded in Lower middle income?: The lowest recorded value was 10,933 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 1965.
How does Lower middle income rank for services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre?: Lower middle income ranks 19th out of 43 groups with data for 2023.
Is services, value added (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre rising or falling in Lower middle income?: Over the last ten years it is up 60.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Lower middle income data come from?: The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income. Statizoid, drawing on Statizoid (derived). Retrieved 02 September 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/services-value-added-constant-2015-us-per-square-kilometre/lower-middle-income/

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How this figure is calculated

Services, value added (constant 2015 US$) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.

Services, value added (constant 2015 US$) ÷ Land area (sq. km)

Computed from

Services, value added Country official statistics, National Statistical Offices (NSOs)
Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.

About this data

Indicator: Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre
Unit: constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre
Source: Statizoid (derived)
Licence: Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page
Coverage: 236 places, 9,217 data points, 1961–2023
Last refreshed: 31 August 2026

Services, value added (constant 2015 US$) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.