{"entity":{"iso2":null,"iso3":null,"name":"Northern Africa and Western Asia","slug":"northern-africa-and-western-asia"},"indicator":{"licence":"UN SDG Global Database (open, attribution requested)","slug":"research-and-development-expenditure-as-a-proportion-of-gdp-percent","source":"United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database","source_url":"https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/dataportal/database?series=GB_XPD_RSDV","title":"Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","unit":null},"observations":[{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.59065},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.60852},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.61248},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.58987},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.58387},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.58704},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.58247},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.61488},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.61002},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.64736},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.64365},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.67462},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.68348},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.69979},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.72102},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.79701},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.85522},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.8709},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.89469},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.94133},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":1.02821},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":1.00068},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":1.02913},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":1.08225}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":1.08225,"max":1.08225,"mean":0.747881,"min":0.58247,"of":22,"rank":11,"trend":"rising"}}