{"entity":{"iso2":null,"iso3":null,"name":"OECD","slug":"oecd"},"indicator":{"licence":"OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)","slug":"r-and-d-tax-expenditure-and-direct-government-funding-of-berd-indirect-government-support","source":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development","source_url":"https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_RDTAX@DF_RDTAX","title":"R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD \u2014 Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD)","unit":"Percentage of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.0423},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.0403},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.0389},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.0386},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.0475},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.0522},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.0556},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.0608},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.0631},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.0642},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.0678},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.0703},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.0762},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.0811},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.0863},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.0917},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.0929},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.1046},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.1136},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.1172},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.1177},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.1261},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.1346},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.1448},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.155}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.155,"max":0.155,"mean":0.083336,"min":0.0386,"of":43,"rank":11,"trend":"rising"}}