{"entity":{"iso2":"JP","iso3":"JPN","name":"Japan","slug":"japan"},"indicator":{"licence":"OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)","slug":"r-and-d-tax-expenditure-and-direct-government-funding-of-berd-indirect-government-support","source":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development","source_url":"https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_RDTAX@DF_RDTAX","title":"R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD \u2014 Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD)","unit":"Percentage of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.0132},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.0133},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.0123},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.02},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.08},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.1064},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.1092},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.1162},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.0546},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.0518},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.0737},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.0682},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.079},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.1227},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.13},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.1145},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.1089},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.1204},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.1117},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.0999},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.0936},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.118},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.1362},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.1601},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.1652}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.1652,"max":0.1652,"mean":0.091164,"min":0.0123,"of":43,"rank":8,"trend":"rising"}}