{"entity":{"iso2":"PL","iso3":null,"name":"Poland","slug":"poland-2"},"indicator":{"licence":"OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)","slug":"r-and-d-tax-expenditure-and-direct-government-funding-of-berd-government-financed-berd","source":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development","source_url":"https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_RDTAX@DF_RDTAX","title":"R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD \u2014 Government-financed BERD","unit":"Percentage of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.0736},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.0675},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.0142},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.0224},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.0267},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.0245},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.0214},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.0199},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.0215},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.0231},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.0266},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.0285},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.0368},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.0382},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.0506},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.0465},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.1031},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.0925},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.1067},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.1105},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.1169},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.1132},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.0953},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.0941},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.0836}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.0836,"max":0.1169,"mean":0.058316,"min":0.0142,"of":12,"rank":7,"trend":"volatile"}}