{"entity":{"iso2":"TR","iso3":null,"name":"T\u00fcrkiye","slug":"turkiye-2"},"indicator":{"licence":"OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)","slug":"r-and-d-tax-expenditure-and-direct-government-funding-of-berd-government-budgets-for-r","source":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development","source_url":"https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_RDTAX@DF_RDTAX","title":"R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD \u2014 Government budgets for R&D and tax incentive support for business R&D (GBARD+GTARD)","unit":"Percentage of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.2856},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.4264},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.3968},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.3896},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.3756},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.4068},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.3702},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.4109},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.4643},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.4854},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.5263},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.5504},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.5238},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.5073},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.4742},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.5167},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.5436}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2024-01-01","latest_value":0.5436,"max":0.5504,"mean":0.450229,"min":0.2856,"of":12,"rank":9,"trend":"rising"}}