{"entity":{"iso2":"FR","iso3":"FRA","name":"France","slug":"france"},"indicator":{"licence":"OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)","slug":"r-and-d-tax-expenditure-and-direct-government-funding-of-berd-government-budgets-for-r","source":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development","source_url":"https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_RDTAX@DF_RDTAX","title":"R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD \u2014 Government budgets for R&D and tax incentive support for business R&D (GBARD+GTARD)","unit":"Percentage of GDP"},"observations":[{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.975},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":1.0034},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":1.0126},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":1.0005},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.9939},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":1.0087},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.8794},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.8269},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":1.0815},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":1.1635},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":1.0974},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":1.0808},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":1.0029},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.9836},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.9656},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.9255},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.9135},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.9308},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.9489},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.9535},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":1.0272},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.9874},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.9494},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.9152}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":0.9152,"max":1.1635,"mean":0.984462,"min":0.8269,"of":33,"rank":8,"trend":"falling"}}