{"entity":{"iso2":"PA","iso3":"PAN","name":"Panama","slug":"panama"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"income-share-top-10-after-vs-before-tax-lis-scatter","source":"Luxembourg Income Study (2026) \u2013 with minor processing by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/income-share-top-10-after-vs-before-tax-lis-scatter","title":"Income share of the richest 10% before and after tax","unit":"%"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":37.6403},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":38.9287},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":38.0025},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":37.3251},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":38.7655},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":38.4416},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":38.9446},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":38.9792},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":37.6961},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":36.69},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":37.4327},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":35.8315},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":35.6102},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":35.3124},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":35.3669},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":35.673},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":35.1685},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":34.5696},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":32.9378},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":34.4736},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":33.5449},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":33.1104},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":32.8626},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":33.5448}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2019-01-01","latest_value":33.5448,"max":38.9792,"mean":36.1188,"min":32.8626,"of":48,"rank":6,"trend":"falling"}}