Gross fixed capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income): Gross fixed capital formation was 27.8% in 2025. ▲ Rising
Gross fixed capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income), 1990–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
In 2025, gross fixed capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) stood at 27.8%.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 0.1% on the previous year and up 2.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross fixed capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) peaked at 28.4% in 2023 and was at its lowest, 19.6%, in 2001.
That places Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 13th out of 43 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 36 years of available data.
Gross fixed capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income), year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 21.9% | — |
| 1991 | 22.1% | +1.1% |
| 1992 | 24.3% | +9.8% |
| 1993 | 23.9% | -1.3% |
| 1994 | 23.3% | -2.5% |
| 1995 | 22.9% | -1.9% |
| 1996 | 22.7% | -0.8% |
| 1997 | 23.1% | +1.5% |
| 1998 | 21.7% | -6.0% |
| 1999 | 19.9% | -8.2% |
| 2000 | 22.0% | +10.6% |
| 2001 | 19.6% | -10.9% |
| 2002 | 20.5% | +4.2% |
| 2003 | 21.7% | +6.2% |
| 2004 | 25.4% | +16.8% |
| 2005 | 26.2% | +3.5% |
| 2006 | 28.0% | +6.8% |
| 2007 | 28.1% | +0.3% |
| 2008 | 27.2% | -3.3% |
| 2009 | 24.0% | -11.6% |
| 2010 | 24.4% | +1.7% |
| 2011 | 25.6% | +4.9% |
| 2012 | 25.7% | +0.2% |
| 2013 | 26.2% | +2.2% |
| 2014 | 26.4% | +0.5% |
| 2015 | 27.2% | +3.1% |
| 2016 | 27.2% | -0.1% |
| 2017 | 27.0% | -0.7% |
| 2018 | 26.7% | -1.1% |
| 2019 | 25.1% | -6.0% |
| 2020 | 25.3% | +0.8% |
| 2021 | 24.7% | -2.1% |
| 2022 | 25.3% | +2.6% |
| 2023 | 28.4% | +12.0% |
| 2024 | 27.9% | -1.8% |
| 2025 | 27.8% | -0.1% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 22.6% | 19.9% | 24.3% | 10 |
| 2000s | 24.3% | 19.6% | 28.1% | 10 |
| 2010s | 26.1% | 24.4% | 27.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | 26.6% | 24.7% | 28.4% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
More economy & growth data for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0062 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 1.77 % change on previous year (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 1,786 current US$ per person (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 0.1606 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) 15.06 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 68.56 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 20.44 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 5.18 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0018 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Final consumption expenditure (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.7534 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
All data for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) →
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross fixed capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- Gross fixed capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) was 27.8% in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross fixed capital formation recorded in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- The highest recorded value was 28.4% in 2023.
- What is the lowest gross fixed capital formation recorded in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- The lowest recorded value was 19.6% in 2001.
- How does Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) rank for gross fixed capital formation?
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) ranks 13th out of 43 groups with data for 2025.
- Is gross fixed capital formation rising or falling in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- Over the last ten years it is up 2.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross fixed capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets during the accounting period, including certain specified expenditures on services that add to the value of non-produced assets. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.