Gross capital formation in Low & middle income
Low & middle income: Gross capital formation was 12.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Gross capital formation in Low & middle income, 1995–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in constant 2015 US$.
Analysis
In 2025, gross capital formation in Low & middle income stood at 12.48 trillion constant 2015 US$. That is the highest value across all 31 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 2.7% on the previous year and up 46.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in Low & middle income peaked at 12.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025 and was at its lowest, 1.46 trillion constant 2015 US$, in 2001.
Low & middle income ranks 5th of 38 groups on this measure, in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross capital formation in Low & middle income, year by year
| Year | constant 2015 US$ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 2.68 trillion constant 2015 US$ | — |
| 1996 | 2.28 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -14.9% |
| 1997 | 2.30 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +0.8% |
| 1998 | 1.76 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -23.4% |
| 1999 | 1.58 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -10.4% |
| 2000 | 1.47 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -7.2% |
| 2001 | 1.46 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.1% |
| 2002 | 2.29 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +56.1% |
| 2003 | 1.88 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -17.7% |
| 2004 | 2.83 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +50.5% |
| 2005 | 2.92 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.2% |
| 2006 | 3.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +19.0% |
| 2007 | 4.82 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +38.7% |
| 2008 | 5.26 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +9.1% |
| 2009 | 5.78 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +10.0% |
| 2010 | 6.64 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +14.9% |
| 2011 | 7.09 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.6% |
| 2012 | 7.52 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.2% |
| 2013 | 7.95 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.7% |
| 2014 | 8.38 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.4% |
| 2015 | 8.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +1.5% |
| 2016 | 8.99 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.7% |
| 2017 | 9.58 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.5% |
| 2018 | 10.12 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.6% |
| 2019 | 10.31 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +1.9% |
| 2020 | 10.23 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.8% |
| 2021 | 10.98 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +7.4% |
| 2022 | 11.36 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.4% |
| 2023 | 11.74 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.3% |
| 2024 | 12.15 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.5% |
| 2025 | 12.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +2.7% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2.12 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.58 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 2.68 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 5 |
| 2000s | 3.22 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.46 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 5.78 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 2010s | 8.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 6.64 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10.31 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 2020s | 11.49 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10.23 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 12.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 6 |
Countries ranked near Low & middle income
- 2 United States 5.12 trillion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 3 Japan 1.24 trillion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 4 India 1.21 trillion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 5 Germany 771.95 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 6 United Kingdom 664.58 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 7 France 589.63 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 8 South Korea 527.10 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
More economy & growth data for Low & middle income
- Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure 52.9% (2024)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita 2,984 constant 2015 US$ (2024)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita growth 3.6% (2024)
- Services, value added 22.45 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
- Services, value added 23.90 trillion current US$ (2025)
- Final consumption expenditure 26.18 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
- Gross national expenditure 39.85 trillion current US$ (2024)
- Final consumption expenditure 4.4% (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure 4.7% (2024)
- Final consumption expenditure 26.76 trillion current US$ (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in Low & middle income?
- Gross capital formation in Low & middle income was 12.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in Low & middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 12.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in Low & middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.46 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2001.
- How does Low & middle income rank for gross capital formation?
- Low & middle income ranks 5th out of 38 groups with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in Low & middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 46.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Low & middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 31 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.