Gross capital formation in India
India: Gross capital formation was 6.5% in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Gross capital formation in India, 1961–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in annual % growth.
Analysis
In 2025, gross capital formation in India stood at 6.5%.
The figure is up 6.4% on the previous year and down 8.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in India peaked at 27.5% in 2004 and was at its lowest, -16.5%, in 1991.
India ranks 67th of 168 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross capital formation in India, year by year
| Year | annual % growth | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | -1.0% | — |
| 1962 | 14.2% | -1460.8% |
| 1963 | 7.4% | -47.8% |
| 1964 | 10.4% | +40.3% |
| 1965 | 10.4% | -0.2% |
| 1966 | 4.7% | -54.3% |
| 1967 | -4.2% | -187.6% |
| 1968 | -2.1% | -50.4% |
| 1969 | 11.0% | -635.3% |
| 1970 | -0.2% | -101.5% |
| 1971 | 8.4% | -5151.4% |
| 1972 | -4.6% | -154.8% |
| 1973 | 19.4% | -524.4% |
| 1974 | -5.1% | -126.5% |
| 1975 | -10.1% | +95.6% |
| 1976 | 18.3% | -281.6% |
| 1977 | 16.6% | -9.0% |
| 1978 | 19.0% | +14.2% |
| 1979 | -11.6% | -161.2% |
| 1980 | 8.6% | -173.6% |
| 1981 | -5.5% | -164.0% |
| 1982 | 3.0% | -155.0% |
| 1983 | 6.8% | +124.9% |
| 1984 | 5.0% | -25.7% |
| 1985 | 8.0% | +58.2% |
| 1986 | 3.6% | -55.0% |
| 1987 | 13.2% | +267.2% |
| 1988 | 12.3% | -6.6% |
| 1989 | 8.1% | -33.9% |
| 1990 | 18.7% | +129.9% |
| 1991 | -16.5% | -188.4% |
| 1992 | 12.9% | -178.3% |
| 1993 | 2.3% | -82.2% |
| 1994 | 19.5% | +745.6% |
| 1995 | 7.8% | -60.1% |
| 1996 | 0.9% | -88.3% |
| 1997 | 14.9% | +1536.8% |
| 1998 | 3.8% | -74.6% |
| 1999 | 17.6% | +366.6% |
| 2000 | -5.5% | -131.3% |
| 2001 | 4.6% | -182.6% |
| 2002 | 7.6% | +65.6% |
| 2003 | 15.7% | +107.7% |
| 2004 | 27.5% | +75.3% |
| 2005 | 19.3% | -30.0% |
| 2006 | 10.1% | -47.4% |
| 2007 | 24.4% | +140.9% |
| 2008 | -7.8% | -131.8% |
| 2009 | 12.8% | -265.6% |
| 2010 | 20.1% | +56.7% |
| 2011 | 2.2% | -89.2% |
| 2012 | 6.9% | +218.7% |
| 2013 | -5.2% | -175.6% |
| 2014 | 6.1% | -216.8% |
| 2015 | 7.0% | +14.7% |
| 2016 | 9.8% | +39.1% |
| 2017 | 14.5% | +47.7% |
| 2018 | 6.2% | -57.4% |
| 2019 | -6.0% | -198.1% |
| 2020 | -10.6% | +74.9% |
| 2021 | 25.4% | -340.5% |
| 2022 | 3.5% | -86.4% |
| 2023 | 8.7% | +151.7% |
| 2024 | 6.1% | -30.1% |
| 2025 | 6.5% | +6.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 5.7% | -4.2% | 14.2% | 9 |
| 1970s | 5.0% | -11.6% | 19.4% | 10 |
| 1980s | 6.3% | -5.5% | 13.2% | 10 |
| 1990s | 8.2% | -16.5% | 19.5% | 10 |
| 2000s | 10.9% | -7.8% | 27.5% | 10 |
| 2010s | 6.2% | -6.0% | 20.1% | 10 |
| 2020s | 6.6% | -10.6% | 25.4% | 6 |
Countries ranked near India
More economy & growth data for India
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 5.66 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 6.5 Percent per annum (2029)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU), annual growth 8.69 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU), per unit of GDP 79.27 current LCU per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU), per capita 214,232 current LCU per person (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant 2015 US$), annual 7.69 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant 2015 US$), per unit 0.8529 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant 2015 US$), per 2,305 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant LCU), annual growth 7.69 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant LCU), per unit of 74.42 constant LCU per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in India?
- Gross capital formation in India was 6.5% in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in India?
- The highest recorded value was 27.5% in 2004.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in India?
- The lowest recorded value was -16.5% in 1991.
- How does India rank for gross capital formation?
- India ranks 67th out of 168 countries with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in India?
- Over the last ten years it is down 8.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this India data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (annual % growth). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.