Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia
Europe & Central Asia: Gross capital formation was 3.6% in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia, 1971–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in annual % growth.
Analysis
The most recent figure for gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia is 3.6%, measured in 2025.
That represents a change of up 819.9% on the previous year and up 32.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia peaked at 9.1% in 1988 and was at its lowest, -18.3%, in 2009.
Europe & Central Asia ranks 15th of 40 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia, year by year
| Year | annual % growth | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1971 | -0.2% | — |
| 1972 | 2.6% | -1490.3% |
| 1973 | 8.9% | +239.6% |
| 1974 | -0.3% | -103.9% |
| 1975 | -11.7% | +3253.3% |
| 1976 | 7.7% | -165.9% |
| 1977 | -0.3% | -103.4% |
| 1978 | 0.5% | -274.4% |
| 1979 | 7.0% | +1421.4% |
| 1980 | 1.0% | -85.0% |
| 1981 | -9.3% | -991.7% |
| 1982 | -0.2% | -97.5% |
| 1983 | 0.8% | -443.5% |
| 1984 | 3.9% | +380.2% |
| 1985 | 2.6% | -34.0% |
| 1986 | 5.4% | +110.2% |
| 1987 | 4.1% | -24.0% |
| 1988 | 9.1% | +121.5% |
| 1989 | 6.9% | -24.5% |
| 1990 | 4.0% | -42.2% |
| 1991 | -2.9% | -172.7% |
| 1992 | -9.4% | +224.8% |
| 1993 | -10.9% | +16.0% |
| 1994 | 1.4% | -112.4% |
| 1995 | 2.9% | +116.2% |
| 1996 | -0.3% | -108.7% |
| 1997 | 3.7% | -1531.0% |
| 1998 | 3.9% | +5.1% |
| 1999 | 3.4% | -11.8% |
| 2000 | 6.9% | +102.2% |
| 2001 | 1.8% | -73.6% |
| 2002 | -1.9% | -205.3% |
| 2003 | 2.0% | -203.9% |
| 2004 | 3.9% | +94.2% |
| 2005 | 3.8% | -1.5% |
| 2006 | 8.4% | +120.2% |
| 2007 | 7.7% | -7.6% |
| 2008 | -0.3% | -104.5% |
| 2009 | -18.3% | +5178.6% |
| 2010 | 6.1% | -133.2% |
| 2011 | 5.9% | -3.6% |
| 2012 | -4.2% | -172.3% |
| 2013 | -0.4% | -90.0% |
| 2014 | 3.8% | -990.6% |
| 2015 | 2.7% | -27.1% |
| 2016 | 2.3% | -16.0% |
| 2017 | 5.0% | +116.0% |
| 2018 | 3.4% | -32.5% |
| 2019 | 4.1% | +23.2% |
| 2020 | -6.3% | -252.1% |
| 2021 | 8.4% | -234.1% |
| 2022 | 3.3% | -61.2% |
| 2023 | -0.1% | -102.9% |
| 2024 | -0.5% | +435.7% |
| 2025 | 3.6% | -819.9% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 1.6% | -11.7% | 8.9% | 9 |
| 1980s | 2.4% | -9.3% | 9.1% | 10 |
| 1990s | -0.4% | -10.9% | 4.0% | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.4% | -18.3% | 8.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.9% | -4.2% | 6.1% | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.4% | -6.3% | 8.4% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Europe & Central Asia
More economy & growth data for Europe & Central Asia
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per capita 25,327 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.7319 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 2.14 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (current US$), per capita 33,645 current US$ per person (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.9723 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (current US$), annual growth rate 10.78 % change on previous year (2025)
- Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per capita 19,960 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Gross domestic savings (current US$), per capita 8,891 current US$ per person (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 1.7 % change on previous year (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.7624 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia?
- Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia was 3.6% in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in Europe & Central Asia?
- The highest recorded value was 9.1% in 1988.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in Europe & Central Asia?
- The lowest recorded value was -18.3% in 2009.
- How does Europe & Central Asia rank for gross capital formation?
- Europe & Central Asia ranks 15th out of 40 groups with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in Europe & Central Asia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 32.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Europe & Central Asia data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (annual % growth). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.