Government debt by instrument coverage — Maastricht debt in Italy
Italy: Government debt by instrument coverage — Maastricht debt was 138.93 Percentage of GDP in 2026. ▲ Rising
Government debt by instrument coverage — Maastricht debt in Italy, 1995–2026
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt in Italy is 138.93 Percentage of GDP, measured in 2026.
The figure is up 1.3% on the previous year and up 1.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt in Italy peaked at 157.71 Percentage of GDP in 2021 and was at its lowest, 105.66 Percentage of GDP, in 2008.
That places Italy 3rd out of 23 countries with data for 2026, putting it in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 32 years of available data.
Government debt by instrument coverage — Maastricht debt in Italy, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 119.09 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 1996 | 117.93 Percentage of GDP | -1.0% |
| 1997 | 119.97 Percentage of GDP | +1.7% |
| 1998 | 115.77 Percentage of GDP | -3.5% |
| 1999 | 114.38 Percentage of GDP | -1.2% |
| 2000 | 112.55 Percentage of GDP | -1.6% |
| 2001 | 109.98 Percentage of GDP | -2.3% |
| 2002 | 110.83 Percentage of GDP | +0.8% |
| 2003 | 107.93 Percentage of GDP | -2.6% |
| 2004 | 108.08 Percentage of GDP | +0.1% |
| 2005 | 108.16 Percentage of GDP | +0.1% |
| 2006 | 108.43 Percentage of GDP | +0.3% |
| 2007 | 107.05 Percentage of GDP | -1.3% |
| 2008 | 105.66 Percentage of GDP | -1.3% |
| 2009 | 111.82 Percentage of GDP | +5.8% |
| 2010 | 118.22 Percentage of GDP | +5.7% |
| 2011 | 119.04 Percentage of GDP | +0.7% |
| 2012 | 122.25 Percentage of GDP | +2.7% |
| 2013 | 131.85 Percentage of GDP | +7.9% |
| 2014 | 134.53 Percentage of GDP | +2.0% |
| 2015 | 137.52 Percentage of GDP | +2.2% |
| 2016 | 137.43 Percentage of GDP | -0.1% |
| 2017 | 135.82 Percentage of GDP | -1.2% |
| 2018 | 135.27 Percentage of GDP | -0.4% |
| 2019 | 135.81 Percentage of GDP | +0.4% |
| 2020 | 136.85 Percentage of GDP | +0.8% |
| 2021 | 157.71 Percentage of GDP | +15.2% |
| 2022 | 146.65 Percentage of GDP | -7.0% |
| 2023 | 137.08 Percentage of GDP | -6.5% |
| 2024 | 134.19 Percentage of GDP | -2.1% |
| 2025 | 137.1 Percentage of GDP | +2.2% |
| 2026 | 138.93 Percentage of GDP | +1.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 117.43 Percentage of GDP | 114.38 Percentage of GDP | 119.97 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
| 2000s | 109.05 Percentage of GDP | 105.66 Percentage of GDP | 112.55 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 130.77 Percentage of GDP | 118.22 Percentage of GDP | 137.52 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 141.21 Percentage of GDP | 134.19 Percentage of GDP | 157.71 Percentage of GDP | 7 |
Countries ranked near Italy
- 1 Slovenia 64.82 Percentage of GDP compare
- 1 Japan 195.55 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Greece 143.52 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Poland 61.56 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 Latvia 47.18 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 France 117.68 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 Netherlands 43.75 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Lithuania 42.32 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 United States of America 117.18 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Estonia 25.23 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Belgium 109.14 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for Italy
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.18 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 0.8337 Percent per annum (2029)
- Total reserves minus gold (current US$), annual growth rate 5.69 % change on previous year (2025)
- Total reserves minus gold (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.0352 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Total reserves minus gold (current US$), per capita 1,523 current US$ per person (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) 8.09 % change on previous year (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 0.1825 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 7,904 current US$ per person (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU) 3.53 % change on previous year (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU), per 0.1615 current LCU per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt in Italy?
- Government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt in Italy was 138.93 Percentage of GDP in 2026, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt recorded in Italy?
- The highest recorded value was 157.71 Percentage of GDP in 2021.
- What is the lowest government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt recorded in Italy?
- The lowest recorded value was 105.66 Percentage of GDP in 2008.
- How does Italy rank for government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt?
- Italy ranks 3rd out of 23 countries with data for 2026.
- Is government debt by instrument coverage — maastricht debt rising or falling in Italy?
- Over the last ten years it is up 1.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Italy data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Government debt by instrument coverage — Maastricht debt (currency and deposits, debt securities and loans). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The magnitude of government debt and debt-to-GDP ratios varies depending on which measure of debt is used. To promote international comparability, the IMF, the OECD and the World Bank have agreed on a set of standard debt measures, which are defined in the Public Sector Debt Statistics Guide for Compilers and Users and the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014. Government gross debt is shown in four categories: D1 to D4. D1 is the narrowest measure, comprising only two financial instruments: debt securities and loans. D4 (‘total gross debt’) is the broadest measure and includes debt securities, loans, Special Drawing Rights, currency and deposits, other accounts payable and insurance, pensions and standardised guarantees. The D1 to D3 measures are comparable between OECD countries. D4 is the preferred measure of debt in the international accounting standards (System of National Accounts or SNA) but cross-country comparability is more difficult for D4 because countries have different approaches to recording unfunded pension liabilities for government employees. For more information, please see the document: Measuring Government Debt: D1-D4