Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) in Bulgaria
Bulgaria: Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) was 3.7% in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Foreign direct investment, net inflows in Bulgaria, 1980–2025
Source: International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for foreign direct investment, net inflows in Bulgaria is 3.7%, measured in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 38.7% on the previous year and down 14.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, foreign direct investment, net inflows in Bulgaria peaked at 31.2% in 2007 and was at its lowest, 0.0%, in 1980.
Bulgaria ranks 58th of 201 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) in Bulgaria, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1980 | 0.0% | — |
| 1981 | 0.0% | — |
| 1982 | 0.0% | — |
| 1983 | 0.0% | — |
| 1984 | 0.0% | — |
| 1985 | 0.0% | — |
| 1986 | 0.0% | — |
| 1987 | 0.0% | — |
| 1988 | 0.0% | — |
| 1989 | 0.0% | — |
| 1990 | 0.0% | — |
| 1991 | 0.7% | +3696.9% |
| 1992 | 0.5% | -34.2% |
| 1993 | 0.4% | -23.4% |
| 1994 | 1.1% | +194.0% |
| 1995 | 0.5% | -56.2% |
| 1996 | 0.9% | +86.2% |
| 1997 | 4.5% | +403.2% |
| 1998 | 3.6% | -19.9% |
| 1999 | 6.0% | +68.0% |
| 2000 | 7.6% | +25.9% |
| 2001 | 5.7% | -24.2% |
| 2002 | 5.5% | -3.8% |
| 2003 | 9.9% | +79.8% |
| 2004 | 11.7% | +18.5% |
| 2005 | 13.7% | +16.8% |
| 2006 | 22.9% | +66.9% |
| 2007 | 31.2% | +36.3% |
| 2008 | 18.9% | -39.5% |
| 2009 | 7.5% | -60.4% |
| 2010 | 3.6% | -51.5% |
| 2011 | 3.6% | +0.3% |
| 2012 | 3.3% | -9.7% |
| 2013 | 3.6% | +8.2% |
| 2014 | 1.9% | -46.2% |
| 2015 | 4.4% | +128.4% |
| 2016 | 2.8% | -36.9% |
| 2017 | 3.4% | +22.9% |
| 2018 | 2.7% | -19.3% |
| 2019 | 3.2% | +18.4% |
| 2020 | 4.0% | +22.6% |
| 2021 | 2.5% | -36.4% |
| 2022 | 5.2% | +107.5% |
| 2023 | 5.1% | -3.6% |
| 2024 | 2.7% | -46.8% |
| 2025 | 3.7% | +38.7% |
Bulgaria compared with similar countries
- Bulgaria's 3.7% is above the median for high income countries, which is 2.1%, 1.7× the median. (72 countries reporting)
- Bulgaria's 3.7% is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 1.9%, 2.0× the median. (51 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) in Bulgaria changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | +3696.9% | 0.0% | 0.7% |
| 1997 | +403.2% | 0.9% | 4.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.8% | 0.0% | 6.0% | 10 |
| 2000s | 13.5% | 5.5% | 31.2% | 10 |
| 2010s | 3.3% | 1.9% | 4.4% | 10 |
| 2020s | 3.9% | 2.5% | 5.2% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Bulgaria
More economy & growth data for Bulgaria
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 3.48 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 2.58 Percent per annum (2029)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, annual growth rate 5.2 % change on previous year (2025)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0156 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, per capita 316.82 units per person (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, annual growth rate 0.1831 % change on previous year (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, per unit of GDP 0.0114 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, per capita 231.34 units per person (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, annual growth rate 5.01 % change on previous year (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0084 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is foreign direct investment, net inflows in Bulgaria?
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows in Bulgaria was 3.7% in 2025, according to International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest foreign direct investment, net inflows recorded in Bulgaria?
- The highest recorded value was 31.2% in 2007.
- What is the lowest foreign direct investment, net inflows recorded in Bulgaria?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0% in 1980.
- How does Bulgaria rank for foreign direct investment, net inflows?
- Bulgaria ranks 58th out of 201 countries with data for 2025.
- Is foreign direct investment, net inflows rising or falling in Bulgaria?
- Over the last ten years it is down 14.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Bulgaria data come from?
- The figures come from International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Foreign direct investment is the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.