Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) in Lower middle income
Lower middle income: Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) was 108.67 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Foreign direct investment, net inflows in Lower middle income, 1970–2025
Source: Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D. Measured in BoP, current US$.
Analysis
The most recent figure for foreign direct investment, net inflows in Lower middle income is 108.67 billion BoP, current US$, measured in 2025.
That represents a change of down 4.2% on the previous year and up 2.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, foreign direct investment, net inflows in Lower middle income peaked at 113.46 billion BoP, current US$ in 2024 and was at its lowest, -65.06 million BoP, current US$, in 1976.
That places Lower middle income 24th out of 47 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) in Lower middle income, year by year
| Year | BoP, current US$ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 643.21 million BoP, current US$ | — |
| 1971 | 829.70 million BoP, current US$ | +29.0% |
| 1972 | 322.44 million BoP, current US$ | -61.1% |
| 1973 | 794.18 million BoP, current US$ | +146.3% |
| 1974 | 233.16 million BoP, current US$ | -70.6% |
| 1975 | 1.25 billion BoP, current US$ | +436.3% |
| 1976 | -65.06 million BoP, current US$ | -105.2% |
| 1977 | 899.03 million BoP, current US$ | -1481.9% |
| 1978 | 1.19 billion BoP, current US$ | +32.1% |
| 1979 | 2.36 billion BoP, current US$ | +99.1% |
| 1980 | 1.07 billion BoP, current US$ | -54.5% |
| 1981 | 2.58 billion BoP, current US$ | +139.7% |
| 1982 | 2.14 billion BoP, current US$ | -16.8% |
| 1983 | 1.82 billion BoP, current US$ | -15.2% |
| 1984 | 1.54 billion BoP, current US$ | -15.3% |
| 1985 | 3.01 billion BoP, current US$ | +95.5% |
| 1986 | 2.23 billion BoP, current US$ | -26.0% |
| 1987 | 2.82 billion BoP, current US$ | +26.6% |
| 1988 | 2.77 billion BoP, current US$ | -1.8% |
| 1989 | 4.83 billion BoP, current US$ | +74.5% |
| 1990 | 3.00 billion BoP, current US$ | -37.9% |
| 1991 | 5.25 billion BoP, current US$ | +74.9% |
| 1992 | 4.84 billion BoP, current US$ | -7.7% |
| 1993 | 6.26 billion BoP, current US$ | +29.3% |
| 1994 | 8.03 billion BoP, current US$ | +28.3% |
| 1995 | 8.76 billion BoP, current US$ | +9.1% |
| 1996 | 10.72 billion BoP, current US$ | +22.4% |
| 1997 | 19.41 billion BoP, current US$ | +81.0% |
| 1998 | 17.38 billion BoP, current US$ | -10.4% |
| 1999 | 16.82 billion BoP, current US$ | -3.3% |
| 2000 | 18.03 billion BoP, current US$ | +7.2% |
| 2001 | 21.20 billion BoP, current US$ | +17.6% |
| 2002 | 17.54 billion BoP, current US$ | -17.2% |
| 2003 | 21.12 billion BoP, current US$ | +20.4% |
| 2004 | 21.68 billion BoP, current US$ | +2.6% |
| 2005 | 33.02 billion BoP, current US$ | +52.3% |
| 2006 | 56.75 billion BoP, current US$ | +71.9% |
| 2007 | 73.79 billion BoP, current US$ | +30.0% |
| 2008 | 97.05 billion BoP, current US$ | +31.5% |
| 2009 | 77.00 billion BoP, current US$ | -20.7% |
| 2010 | 66.14 billion BoP, current US$ | -14.1% |
| 2011 | 79.98 billion BoP, current US$ | +20.9% |
| 2012 | 69.18 billion BoP, current US$ | -13.5% |
| 2013 | 71.17 billion BoP, current US$ | +2.9% |
| 2014 | 84.39 billion BoP, current US$ | +18.6% |
| 2015 | 105.96 billion BoP, current US$ | +25.6% |
| 2016 | 89.63 billion BoP, current US$ | -15.4% |
| 2017 | 76.72 billion BoP, current US$ | -14.4% |
| 2018 | 72.97 billion BoP, current US$ | -4.9% |
| 2019 | 86.69 billion BoP, current US$ | +18.8% |
| 2020 | 91.39 billion BoP, current US$ | +5.4% |
| 2021 | 80.96 billion BoP, current US$ | -11.4% |
| 2022 | 87.65 billion BoP, current US$ | +8.3% |
| 2023 | 73.64 billion BoP, current US$ | -16.0% |
| 2024 | 113.46 billion BoP, current US$ | +54.1% |
| 2025 | 108.67 billion BoP, current US$ | -4.2% |
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) in Lower middle income changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1977 | +1481.9% | -65.06 million BoP, current US$ | 899.03 million BoP, current US$ |
| 1975 | +436.3% | 233.16 million BoP, current US$ | 1.25 billion BoP, current US$ |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 845.85 million BoP, current US$ | -65.06 million BoP, current US$ | 2.36 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 1980s | 2.48 billion BoP, current US$ | 1.07 billion BoP, current US$ | 4.83 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 1990s | 10.05 billion BoP, current US$ | 3.00 billion BoP, current US$ | 19.41 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2000s | 43.72 billion BoP, current US$ | 17.54 billion BoP, current US$ | 97.05 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2010s | 80.28 billion BoP, current US$ | 66.14 billion BoP, current US$ | 105.96 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2020s | 92.63 billion BoP, current US$ | 73.64 billion BoP, current US$ | 113.46 billion BoP, current US$ | 6 |
Countries ranked near Lower middle income
- 21 Indonesia 22.70 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 22 Vietnam 21.99 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 23 Malaysia 21.62 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 24 Poland 20.94 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 25 Thailand 18.53 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 26 Sweden 17.26 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 27 Denmark 16.95 billion BoP, current US$ compare
More economy & growth data for Lower middle income
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$) 1,817 current US$ per person (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 5.7 % change on previous year (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 0.1054 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 261.65 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$) 6.47 % change on previous year (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$) 0.7321 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015) 0.7194 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Final consumption expenditure (current US$), annual growth rate 6.07 % change on previous year (2025)
- Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015) 1,785 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 298.08 current US$ per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is foreign direct investment, net inflows in Lower middle income?
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows in Lower middle income was 108.67 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025, according to Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D.
- What is the highest foreign direct investment, net inflows recorded in Lower middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 113.46 billion BoP, current US$ in 2024.
- What is the lowest foreign direct investment, net inflows recorded in Lower middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was -65.06 million BoP, current US$ in 1976.
- How does Lower middle income rank for foreign direct investment, net inflows?
- Lower middle income ranks 24th out of 47 groups with data for 2025.
- Is foreign direct investment, net inflows rising or falling in Lower middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 2.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Lower middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D, published as part of Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 56 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.