External debt stocks in Türkiye
Türkiye: External debt stocks was 39.4% in 2024. ▲ Rising
External debt stocks in Türkiye, 1970–2024
Source: International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB). Measured in % of GNI.
Analysis
The most recent figure for external debt stocks in Türkiye is 39.4%, measured in 2024.
That represents a change of down 12.8% on the previous year and down 11.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, external debt stocks in Türkiye peaked at 60.3% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 11.0%, in 1975.
That places Türkiye 68th out of 122 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 55 years of available data.
External debt stocks in Türkiye, year by year
| Year | % of GNI | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 15.4% | — |
| 1971 | 20.4% | +32.4% |
| 1972 | 17.3% | -15.3% |
| 1973 | 16.3% | -6.1% |
| 1974 | 13.1% | -19.1% |
| 1975 | 11.0% | -16.1% |
| 1976 | 11.7% | +6.4% |
| 1977 | 19.6% | +67.3% |
| 1978 | 22.7% | +15.6% |
| 1979 | 18.0% | -20.8% |
| 1980 | 28.3% | +57.2% |
| 1981 | 27.6% | -2.4% |
| 1982 | 31.4% | +13.7% |
| 1983 | 33.7% | +7.4% |
| 1984 | 37.0% | +9.8% |
| 1985 | 39.6% | +7.1% |
| 1986 | 44.6% | +12.7% |
| 1987 | 48.1% | +7.8% |
| 1988 | 46.4% | -3.6% |
| 1989 | 39.7% | -14.5% |
| 1990 | 33.4% | -15.9% |
| 1991 | 34.3% | +2.8% |
| 1992 | 36.1% | +5.4% |
| 1993 | 38.6% | +6.8% |
| 1994 | 52.0% | +34.7% |
| 1995 | 44.4% | -14.6% |
| 1996 | 45.2% | +1.7% |
| 1997 | 45.3% | +0.4% |
| 1998 | 35.5% | -21.7% |
| 1999 | 40.3% | +13.3% |
| 2000 | 43.2% | +7.4% |
| 2001 | 57.4% | +32.8% |
| 2002 | 55.9% | -2.6% |
| 2003 | 48.0% | -14.1% |
| 2004 | 41.0% | -14.5% |
| 2005 | 35.6% | -13.3% |
| 2006 | 39.5% | +10.9% |
| 2007 | 39.8% | +0.8% |
| 2008 | 38.6% | -3.0% |
| 2009 | 44.6% | +15.5% |
| 2010 | 41.1% | -7.8% |
| 2011 | 38.6% | -6.1% |
| 2012 | 40.4% | +4.8% |
| 2013 | 42.4% | +4.8% |
| 2014 | 44.5% | +4.9% |
| 2015 | 46.7% | +5.1% |
| 2016 | 46.4% | -0.8% |
| 2017 | 52.7% | +13.6% |
| 2018 | 55.4% | +5.2% |
| 2019 | 55.3% | -0.2% |
| 2020 | 60.3% | +9.1% |
| 2021 | 53.7% | -10.9% |
| 2022 | 50.8% | -5.6% |
| 2023 | 45.2% | -11.0% |
| 2024 | 39.4% | -12.8% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 16.6% | 11.0% | 22.7% | 10 |
| 1980s | 37.6% | 27.6% | 48.1% | 10 |
| 1990s | 40.5% | 33.4% | 52.0% | 10 |
| 2000s | 44.4% | 35.6% | 57.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | 46.4% | 38.6% | 55.4% | 10 |
| 2020s | 49.9% | 39.4% | 60.3% | 5 |
Countries ranked near Türkiye
More economy & growth data for Türkiye
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), annual growth rate 9.06 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.2509 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per capita 4,666 current US$ per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), annual growth rate 31.17 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), per unit of GDP 9.9 current LCU per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), per capita 184,082 current LCU per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 4.93 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.1941 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$), per capita 3,610 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- External balance on goods and services (current US$), annual growth -151.4 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is external debt stocks in Türkiye?
- External debt stocks in Türkiye was 39.4% in 2024, according to International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB).
- What is the highest external debt stocks recorded in Türkiye?
- The highest recorded value was 60.3% in 2020.
- What is the lowest external debt stocks recorded in Türkiye?
- The lowest recorded value was 11.0% in 1975.
- How does Türkiye rank for external debt stocks?
- Türkiye ranks 68th out of 122 countries with data for 2024.
- Is external debt stocks rising or falling in Türkiye?
- Over the last ten years it is down 11.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Türkiye data come from?
- The figures come from International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB), published as part of External debt stocks (% of GNI). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 55 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Total external debt stocks to gross national income. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.