Central government debt, total in Australia

Australia: Central government debt, total was 57.9% in 2022. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2022)
57.9%
Change on year
down 17.1%
World rank
35th
of 83 countries
All-time high
69.8%
in 2021
All-time low
11.9%
in 1991
Years of data
33
1990–2022

Central government debt, total in Australia, 1990–2022

2040601990200620221990: 12.2 % of GDP1991: 11.9 % of GDP1992: 14.1 % of GDP1993: 17.8 % of GDP1994: 20.2 % of GDP1995: 21.6 % of GDP1996: 21.8 % of GDP1997: 20.8 % of GDP1998: 16.8 % of GDP1999: 31 % of GDP2000: 29.5 % of GDP2001: 27.6 % of GDP2002: 25.8 % of GDP2003: 25 % of GDP2004: 22.8 % of GDP2005: 22.4 % of GDP2006: 21.4 % of GDP2007: 20.1 % of GDP2008: 18.1 % of GDP2009: 23.8 % of GDP2010: 28.6 % of GDP2011: 30 % of GDP2012: 39.3 % of GDP2013: 37.4 % of GDP2014: 41.5 % of GDP2015: 46.3 % of GDP2016: 54.5 % of GDP2017: 53.1 % of GDP2018: 54.3 % of GDP2019: 60 % of GDP2020: 69.1 % of GDP2021: 69.8 % of GDP2022: 57.9 % of GDP

Source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

Australia recorded 57.9% for central government debt, total in 2022.

The figure is down 17.1% on the previous year and up 47.2% over ten years.

Over the whole period, central government debt, total in Australia peaked at 69.8% in 2021 and was at its lowest, 11.9%, in 1991.

That places Australia 35th out of 83 countries with data for 2022, putting it in the middle of the range.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Central government debt, total in Australia, year by year

Annual values for Central government debt, total (% of GDP) in Australia, 1990 to 2022.
Year % of GDP Change
1990 12.2%
1991 11.9% -2.5%
1992 14.1% +18.7%
1993 17.8% +26.4%
1994 20.2% +12.9%
1995 21.6% +7.4%
1996 21.8% +0.6%
1997 20.8% -4.4%
1998 16.8% -19.1%
1999 31.0% +84.1%
2000 29.5% -5.0%
2001 27.6% -6.2%
2002 25.8% -6.5%
2003 25.0% -3.1%
2004 22.8% -8.8%
2005 22.4% -2.0%
2006 21.4% -4.3%
2007 20.1% -6.3%
2008 18.1% -9.6%
2009 23.8% +31.2%
2010 28.6% +20.1%
2011 30.0% +5.0%
2012 39.3% +31.0%
2013 37.4% -4.9%
2014 41.5% +11.1%
2015 46.3% +11.4%
2016 54.5% +17.6%
2017 53.1% -2.5%
2018 54.3% +2.3%
2019 60.0% +10.5%
2020 69.1% +15.1%
2021 69.8% +1.1%
2022 57.9% -17.1%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 18.8% 11.9% 31.0% 10
2000s 23.7% 18.1% 29.5% 10
2010s 44.5% 28.6% 60.0% 10
2020s 65.6% 57.9% 69.8% 3

Countries ranked near Australia

  1. 32 Belize 61.0% compare
  2. 33 Ukraine 58.7% compare
  3. 34 Finland 58.3% compare
  4. 36 Saint Kitts and Nevis 57.7% compare
  5. 37 Maldives 57.3% compare
  6. 38 Mauritius 57.1% compare

See the full ranking of 90 places →

More economy & growth data for Australia

All data for Australia →

Frequently asked questions

What is central government debt, total in Australia?
Central government debt, total in Australia was 57.9% in 2022, according to Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
What is the highest central government debt, total recorded in Australia?
The highest recorded value was 69.8% in 2021.
What is the lowest central government debt, total recorded in Australia?
The lowest recorded value was 11.9% in 1991.
How does Australia rank for central government debt, total?
Australia ranks 35th out of 83 countries with data for 2022.
Is central government debt, total rising or falling in Australia?
Over the last ten years it is up 47.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Australia data come from?
The figures come from Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Central government debt, total (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Central government debt, total in Australia. Statizoid, drawing on Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Retrieved 07 September 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/central-government-debt-total-percent-of-gdp/australia/

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About this data

Indicator
Central government debt, total (% of GDP)
Unit
% of GDP
Source
Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
90 places, 1,726 data points, 1970–2024
Last refreshed

Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Central government is the part of general government that includes all administrative departments of the national executive, legislative, and judicial functions, other central agencies and those non-market producers controlled by the central government, whose competence extends normally over the whole economic territory. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.