China vs Japan: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Sum of
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Sum of over time
- China
- Japan
How they compare
China currently reports 0.2891 Percentage of GDP against 0.2269 Percentage of GDP in Japan, a difference of 0.0622 Percentage of GDP.
That makes China's figure about 1.3 times Japan's.
The two have swapped places 4 times across 14 shared years of data; in 2009 it was China ahead.
China ranks 8th and Japan ranks 10th of 37 countries.
China has averaged higher in every one of the 3 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | China | Japan | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.1041 Percentage of GDP | 0.0803 Percentage of GDP | 0.0238 Percentage of GDP | China |
| 2010s | 0.13 Percentage of GDP | 0.1275 Percentage of GDP | 0.0026 Percentage of GDP | China |
| 2020s | 0.2456 Percentage of GDP | 0.1438 Percentage of GDP | 0.1017 Percentage of GDP | China |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — sum of, China or Japan?
- China, at 0.2891 Percentage of GDP against 0.2269 Percentage of GDP in Japan as of 2022.
- What is the difference in r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — sum of between China and Japan?
- 0.0622 Percentage of GDP, with China ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for China and Japan?
- 14 years are reported by both, from 2009 to 2022.
- How do China and Japan rank globally for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — sum of?
- China ranks 8th and Japan ranks 10th of 37 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Sum of tax incentive support for business R&D (GTARD) and government-financed BERD. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.